China's Economy, Politics, and Demography
Overview China has been a spectacular economic success story. After the death of Mao in 1976, a more pragmatic group of Communist leaders seized power and began to change China. Their model was Singapore, whose population was mostly Chinese. Singapore’s economic growth model was that the dominant political party would direct economic growth. It invested in infrastructure, including condos for most of its population. It directed investment. It invited foreign companies to invest in the country. It became part of the global economy. China did much of the same but since it was much larger, it had to go further. It liberalized agriculture, going from huge communes to allowing individual farmers to rent land. That doubled food production. Then it concentrated on manufacturing, with favorable laws on taxation. Foreign companies were invited in but they had to partner with a Chinese company, which accelerated China’s absorption of foreign technology and management. After catching...